The National Electric Power Company is mandated by the Jordanian government to plan, develop, operate and maintain electrical transmission grids, the national grid and the process of transmitting electricity in Jordan and to neighboring countries. NEPCO is also responsible for purchasing and selling energy, importing and exporting electric power, and buying and redistributing natural gas to power companies.

NEPCO is the successor of the Jordan Electricity Authority (JEA), which was established by the government in 1967 to supply power to the nation. In September 1996, the government replaced JEA with NEPCO to upgrade the national transmission network and the electric interconnection networks with neighboring countries, in order to purchase and sell energy directly and through licensed distribution companies.

In an effort to expand its activities in the Gulf, NEPCO established in September 2007, the Gulf Company for Energy Trade and Contracting in partnership with Kuwaiti holding firm, Al Dinar Company. Capitalized at KWD100,000 (USD358,038), the new entity is responsible for bidding large energy projects in Kuwait.

NEPCO announced in April 2008 that it has signed a JOD4 million (USD5.6 million) agreement with the Swedish company ABB to develop a monitoring and control center in southern Amman that will help expand the electricity network nationwide.